In this course, we'll be exploring how historical events have shaped to world we have come to know today. We'll begin by exploring history before there was history and journey through time up until the enlightenment. In each civilization we visit, we'll examine their social and political structures to see how they served the people who lived in those societies, the problems those structures solved and the tensions created by them. We'll also see how civilizations rose, grew, changed, merged and collapsed. Through the course, you'll understand how many of the ways our society developed have their roots in the history of these many ancient societies. 

This is the online site for Mr. Ma's Math 9 blended learning class

Cell culture has emerged as a major tool in health research, biotechnology applications, and toxicological testing.  It is thus critical for students to gain an understanding of the basic techniques involved, the great potential that it offers for the benefit of society, as well as the potential challenges and concerns. The laboratory part this course deals with the establishment, maintenance and subculture of cell lines.  It also covers some of of the common techniques used in studying various cell processes.

In addition to learning practical laboratory skills, students will also be looking at selected research publications to see how the types of experiments they are carrying out in the labs are being used to answer larger questions relating to health or environmental issues.

This site features my attempt to turn a senior level Cell and Tissue Culture lab into a blended format.  By using this format, I hope to enable students to do much of their preparation at home so that actual lab time can be used more for practicing specific skills, and to place more emphasis on in-lab data analysis. 



This course explores the artistic aspects, scientific foundations, and techniques of digital photography with the goals of enabling students to expand their knowledge of photography as an art form, to develop a deeper and broader understanding of the scientific basis of photography, to improve their photographic technique, and to effectively use photographic software tools. Although the primary focus is on digital photography, many concepts apply to other photographic disciplines including film and video. Topics include quality of light, exposure control, depth of field, aesthetics, composition and patterns, perspective, color science, the human visual system, spatial and color perception, exposure, metering, digital sensors, optics, analogies to biological systems, color filter arrays, file formats, sensor linearity, color spaces and profiles, optical and computational image artifacts, and software tools and techniques for modification and enhancement. Through lectures, hands-on assignments, and critiques, students expand their understanding of digital photography while exploring their creativity to broaden the possibilities and improve the quality of their photographs. Upon successful completion of the course, students can expect to take photographs with an intuition of the camera's behavior, and its limitations, and an ability to think critically about light and the resulting appearance of a photograph.

Students should have access to a camera with a manual mode and an option for RAW for the duration of the course.